| Let me show you how I know. Not with my opinion, but with a study. |
| Researchers in the United States ran a test that was almost boring in its simplicity. They fed the same seven people the same salad on three separate days: spinach, romaine, cherry tomatoes and carrots. Only the dressing changed. |
| One day it came with fat-free dressing. Another day it came with a reduced-fat version carrying about six grams of oil, and on the third day with full-fat dressing, about twenty-eight grams. After each meal the team drew blood and measured how much of the color from those vegetables, the alpha-carotene, the beta-carotene and the lycopene, had actually made it into circulation. |
| What they found |
| Crossover feeding trial, 2004. Brown et al., American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. |
| The fat-free dressing (almost nothing absorbed) |
| After the salad with fat-free dressing, the carotenoids showing up in the blood were negligible. They ate the vegetables. Almost none of the color crossed over. |
| The full-fat dressing (substantially more absorbed) |
| With the full-fat dressing, the same salad delivered substantially more of all three. A reduced-fat version, about six grams of oil, landed in between: measurable, but limited. |
| Same salad, same people, three days. The only thing that changed was the oil. |
|
|
| In other words, the good part of a salad may need a little fat to get into you at all. Leave the fat out and you may be eating the vegetables without collecting much of what makes them worth eating. |
| Her attention to detail was never the problem. The detail she was handed was wrong, and yours probably was too. |
| So why would taking the oil out make that much difference? |
| Because carotenoids are fat soluble, which is a plain way of saying they travel the way fat travels or they do not travel at all. In the gut they have to be packed into tiny droplets built from dietary fat and bile, and those droplets are what carry them across the intestinal wall into the blood. No fat in the meal means no droplets to ride in, so the lunch looks right on the plate and most of the color leaves again. Later work puts the amount needed at roughly six to eight grams, which is about half a tablespoon of oil. |
| That woman at the salad bar never stood a chance with that bottle in her hand… and neither did my mother, I’d bet. Neither did you. |
| That’s the part no one says out loud. The careful version of the meal was the one that gave her the least. |